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‘We Are Congolese, Not Rwandans’; M23 Rebels Say ‘Ceasefire’ Doesn’t Cover Them Amid New Fighting_我的网站

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一 | Fighting was reported in the town of Kanyabusoro in Rutshuru Territory on Thursday between M23 and DR Congo armed forces (FARDC), according to Agence France-Presse. The city that sits on the border with Rwanda and was seized by M23 last week,A day prior, a “ceasefire” had been announced by Angolan President Joao Lourenco after he invited his Congolese and Rwandan counterparts to Luanda for peace talks. The previous six weeks have seen both nations threaten war and accuse each other of sponsoring proxy forces in Congo’s North Kivu Province.,"We are Congolese, not Rwandans. If there is a ceasefire, it can only be between us and the Congolese government," Willy Ngoma, spokesman for the M23, told AFP on Thursday. He denied the M23 was responsible for the firefight, claiming FARDC had fired on them first.,Congolese President Felix Tshisekedi has accused Rwandan President Paul Kagame, a Tutsi, of sponsoring the predominantly Tutsi M23 group - accusations somewhat supported by a United Nations report but which Kagame’s government has long denied.,The Wednesday agreement overseen by Lourenco established a new “roadmap” to stabilizing Congo-Rwanda relations as well as the North Kivu area, including reviving a long-dormant Congo-Rwanda commission in Luanda, which had been created in the early 21st century to end the fighting of the previous war.,According to the text of the roadmap printed by the Rwanda New Times on Thursday, the deal requires the M23 to cease hostilities and withdraw immediately “from occupied positions.” It also requires both governments to “defeat” the Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Rwanda (FDLR) and its many splinter groups “which are at the origin of tensions between Rwanda and DRC and play a major role in the insecurity of the DRC.”,The FDLR militia is a Hutu Power group in North Kivu descended from those responsible for the 1994 genocide of Rwandan Tutsis and Twa, and Kigali has accused Kinshasa of cooperating with it.The Project on Violent Conflict, a US Department of Homeland Security-funded project, has substantiated some of those allegations, writing that “the relationship between the FARDC and the FDLR oscillates between open conflict and covert cooperation.”,"This roadmap does not commit the M23," Ngoma told AFP in Goma, a city on the border with Rwanda. "We are Congolese, we have nothing to do with Rwanda. We are asked to leave here, but to go where? It is impossible.”,The M23 also originated in the Congo Wars, but demobilized in 2013 following a deal with Kinshasa. However, the group once again took up arms late last year, claiming the government had not kept its end of the deal.,Speaking to the state-owned France24 on Monday, two days before the Luanda deal was reached, Ben Shepherd, a leading specialist on DR Congo and the Great Lakes Region from the London-based Chatham House, said it was unlikely the present situation would actually result in open warfare between Kinshasa and Kigali.,“But the stakes are high. Beyond the tragic consequences for the people of eastern DR Congo, which should never be underestimated, there are real possibilities for inadvertent escalation. The last round of violence between the M23 and DR Congo was ended by a SADC [Southern African Development Community]-led intervention; this time round, the EAC [East African Community] is proposing an intervention force, despite Rwanda itself being an EAC member state, and southern Africa’s heavyweights, notably Angola and South Africa, still having significant stakes in the game,” he said.,“It is imperative that DR Congo does not become once again a battleground for competing geo-political aspirations, but this will take careful diplomacy,” he added.。（新加坡讯）新加坡部分特定诊所上周五（8月23日）宣布暂停提供M痘（前称猴痘）疫苗接种服务，以配合卫生部的应对策略。杀伤力较大的中非株（Clade I）M痘病毒，过去一周扩散至非洲以外的国家，包括泰国和瑞典。目前新加坡使用由丹麦制药商巴伐利亚北欧生产的双剂量天花疫苗（JYNNEOS），在预防M痘约有超过80%的功效，相隔28天完成两剂接种。美国食品药物管理局（FDA）于2022年核准让18岁或以上成人接种此疫苗。新加坡卫生部回复媒体询问时指出，以目前的M痘传播情况来看，暂时不建议全民接种M痘疫苗；目前也不建议前往受影响国家的旅客接种疫苗。它日后会提供更多详情。该部指出，在2022年至2023年全球M痘疫情爆发期间该与多家诊所合作，为感染风险较高的人群提供自愿接种疫苗，只有少数人接种了疫苗。该部透露，目前除了在边境、社区和医院采取了预防措施外，当局还在调整M痘疫苗接种策略，整合疫苗以便为最需要的人接种，例如M痘确诊病例的密切接触者。

二 | 莱佛士医疗家庭医师黄文耀受访时指出，应考虑接种M痘疫苗的高风险族群包括：性工作者、多名性伴侣者、男男性行为者，以及无防护措施下曾与M痘患者有过密切接触的人。

三 | 这些密切接触者，最好在4天内接种M痘疫苗，以达到最佳防护功效。传染病专家梁浩楠医师日前受访时透露，自世界卫生组织8月14日宣布再次将M痘疫情列为“全球突发公共卫生事件”后，他的诊所接到好些关于M痘疫苗的公众询问。“有些免疫力低的病人会打来诊所询问，他们是否需要接种M痘疫苗作为预防措施。我们会告诉他们，目前只建议高风险族群接种，因为它是使用弱化的活性病毒制成的非复制型疫苗，一些免疫力很低的人反而不适合接种。在新加坡如切一带经营诊所的家庭医生林宇政认为，民众对M痘疫情并没有显得过度担忧，目前没有接获有关M痘疫苗的谘询。“身为医疗前线人员，我会嘱咐诊所职员保持谨慎，尽可能透过勤洗手和消毒减少接触风险。

四 | 如果碰到M痘疑似病例，或者M痘高风险群体，会将他们转介到相关医疗设施接受检查或接种疫苗。准备出游的民众受访时都表示，不太担心M痘疫情，但会采取相应预防措施。9月初将前往泰国旅游的廖庭庭（28岁，演员）说，她一年会去泰国四五次，虽然听闻泰国出现中非株M痘病例，但不会为此更改出游计划。“对M痘我不会感到担心，但会准备消毒液和关注当地的M痘疫情消息，主要还是尽可能保持平常心对待，不让它影响我的生活与计划。”目前在挪威旅游的黄家敏（26岁，数据分析员）说，虽然挪威的邻国瑞典出现M痘病例，她并不会特别担心，若有必要会考虑接种M痘疫苗。

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